Growth of Savings and Credit Cooperatives in the Province of El Oro (2015–2023)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the growth of savings and credit cooperatives in the province of El Oro during the period 2015–2023 and their influence on the provincial Gross Domestic Product (GDP). A quantitative approach with a descriptive and correlational scope was used, applying a multiple regression model with variables standardized through Z-score. The variables considered were the number of active cooperatives, the number of members, and the annual profits of the cooperative sector. The results show that, despite the reduction in the number of operating cooperatives, the sustained growth in profits and membership base reflects a process of institutional consolidation. Statistical analysis revealed that profits have a positive and significant impact on GDP, while the number of active cooperatives and members shows a negative relationship, suggesting that numerical growth in the sector does not necessarily lead to greater economic contribution unless accompanied by sound financial management. It is concluded that profitability and operational efficiency are key factors for the cooperative sector to effectively influence local economic development. Furthermore, it highlights the need to guide public policies toward strengthening those cooperatives that demonstrate the capacity to generate economic and social value.